Introduction to PostgreSQL

 

Introduction to PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL is a flexible open-source object relational database management system. DB-engine ranks PostgreSQL as number 4 in its list (including both open source and proprietary) as of Jan 2023. PostgreSQL can handle a huge variety of use cases, from single machines to data warehouses to web services with many concurrent users. PostgreSQL is strongly supported by its global development group of companies and individual contributors.

PostgreSQL's unusual name causes some readers to stop and try to spell it, especially those who pronounce SQL "sequel". The PostgreSQL developer spelt it "post-gress-q-l". It is also often abbreviated as "Postgres".

PostgreSQL allows users to define new types based on formal SQL types, allowing the database to understand complex data itself. For example, you can define an address to combine strings of things such as street numbers, cities, and countries. From this point you can easily create a table that contains all the fields needed to save the address in a single row and column.

History of PostgreSQL

The PostgreSQL project started in 1986 at Berkeley Computer Science Department, University of California. The project was originally named POSTGRES, in reference to the older Ingres database which also developed at Berkeley. The goal of the POSTGRES project was to add the minimal features needed to support multiple data types. In 1996, the POSTGRES project was renamed to PostgreSQL to clearly illustrate its support for SQL. 

Usage of PostgreSQL

  • Financial industry
  • Government GIS data
  • Manufacturing
  • Web technology and NoSQL workloads
  • Scientific data
  • Web Hosting Sites

PostgreSQL Features

  • User-defined types
  • Table inheritance
  • Sophisticated locking mechanism
  • Foreign key referential integrity
  • Nested transactions 
  • Multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
  • Asynchronous replication
  • Tablespaces support
  • Point-in-time recovery
  • Very Near to Oracle
  • GUI based administration Tools
  • Stable and Reliable Database
  • Can grow as much as required (unlimited).
  • Supports both encrypted and non-encrypted connections
  • Auditing


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